Inefektivitas Komunikasi Publik Pemerintah Dan Peran The Fifth Estate Dalam Demokrasi Deliberatif
Abstract
Komunikasi publik yang efektif merupakan elemen fundamental dalam demokrasi deliberatif, yang menekankan diskursus rasional, inklusivitas, dan transparansi dalam pengambilan kebijakan. Namun, di Indonesia, praktik komunikasi publik pemerintah masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan yang menghambat kualitas deliberasi demokratis. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan komunikasi politik pemerintah Indonesia belum efektif dalam membangun demokrasi deliberatif serta menelaah peran The Fifth Estate dalam menanggapi praktik komunikasi publik yang tidak deliberatif. Dengan menggunakan metode Library Research, penelitian ini menganalisis literatur akademik, kebijakan pemerintah, serta fenomena digital yang berkaitan dengan komunikasi publik dan demokrasi deliberatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi politik pemerintah Indonesia masih didominasi oleh pola komunikasi top-down yang minim partisipasi publik, kurangnya transparansi dalam kebijakan, serta regulasi komunikasi digital yang cenderung membatasi kebebasan berpendapat. Meskipun teknologi digital telah diadopsi dalam komunikasi publik, pendekatannya lebih bersifat instruksional dibandingkan dialogis, sehingga menghambat keterlibatan warga negara dalam proses deliberatif. Di sisi lain, The Fifth Estate memainkan peran penting dalam mengoreksi defisit komunikasi publik dengan menyediakan informasi alternatif, mengamplifikasi suara kelompok marjinal, serta memobilisasi aksi kolektif. Namun, keberfungsian The Fifth Estate masih dibatasi oleh tantangan seperti disinformasi, polarisasi opini, kesenjangan digital, serta regulasi pemerintah yang membatasi kebebasan berekspresi di ruang digital. Studi ini berkontribusi dengan memberikan perspektif holistik mengenai interaksi antara komunikasi publik pemerintah dan peran The Fifth Estate dalam demokrasi deliberatif di Indonesia. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya reformasi kebijakan komunikasi publik yang lebih transparan dan dialogis, sehingga memungkinkan partisipasi publik dalam pengambilan keputusan. Selain itu, peningkatan literasi digital harus difokuskan pada kemampuan masyarakat untuk mengidentifikasi disinformasi dan memahami dinamika ruang digital, serta memperkuat mekanisme verifikasi informasi, baik melalui peraturan pemerintah, inisiatif platform digital, dan kolaborasi dengan jurnalisme independen sebagai salah satu aktor The Fifth Estate, juga merupakan langkah penting untuk mengurangi dampak misinformasi dan polarisasi.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36080/comm.v16i1.3712
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