DARI PRASANGKA HINGGA DISKRIMINASI: MENYOAL STIGMA SESAT DAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP AHMADIYAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI
Abstract
reformation era, their existence experiences controversies as well as oppositions
from the society. From desk research and literature review method, this paper
aims to describe the ways prejudice toward Ahmadiyya community emerge and
draw the role of communication in connecting the major and minor community in
Indonesia. This paper discusses the violence against the Ahmadiyya in Indonesia
through communication perspective. The concept of prejudice expression from
GW Allport (1954) and Samovar (2013) in this paper shows that violence
experienced by Ahmadiyya is already at the stage of extermination rather than
only at discrimination stage.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adorno, T.W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E.,
Levinson, D.J., & Sanford,
R.M. (1950). The authoritarian
personality. New York:
Harper.
Altemeyer, B. (1981). ARight-wing
Authoritarianism. Canada:
University of Manitoba Press.
Asfinawati et al.. (2008). Kekerasan
terhadap Jama’ah Ahmadiyah
di Manislor Kuningan, Jawa
Barat, dan Lombok, NTB;
Kekerasan terhadap Jama’ah
Al Qiyadah Al Islamiyah Siroj
Jaziroh Padang, Sumatera
Barat; Kekerasan terhadap
Jemaat Gereja di Bandung,
Jawa Barat. Jakarta : Lembaga
Jurnal Avant Garde 5, Nomor 1, Juni 2017 31
Bantuan Hukum (LBH) dan
Kontras.
Azhari, M. Subhi, Rumadi Ahmad,
dan Nurun Nisa. (2012).
Laporan Akhir Tahun
Kebebasan Beragama dan
Intoleransi 2012. Jakarta: The
Wahid Institute.
Baron, R.E. & Byrne, D. (2004).
Psikologi Sosial, Ed. 10 Jilid
Alih Bahasa: Dra.Ratna
Djuwita, Dipl. Psychl. et al.
Jakarta: Erlangga.
Bagir, Z. A. (2011). Telaah kasus
Ahmadiyah di Indonesia.
Yogyakarta: CRCS-UGM.
Baran, Stanley J. Dennis K. Davis.
(2009). Mass Communiction
Theory: Foundations, Ferment,
and Future. Fifth Edition.
USA: Lyn Uhl
Budiwanti, Erni. (2009). Pluralism
Collapse: A Study of Jamaáh
Ahmadiyah Indonesia and its
Persecution. Singapore: Asia
Research Institute.
Cholil, Suhadi, Zainal Abidin Bagir,
Moh. Iqbal Ahnaf, Marthen
Tahun, Budi Ashari. (2013).
Laporan Tahunan Kehidupan
Beragama di Indonesia tahun
Yogyakarta: Universitas
Gadjah Mada.
Colbran, Nicola (2010). Realities and
Challenges in Realising
Freedom of Religion or Belief
in Indonesia. The International
Journal of Human Rights 14
(5), 678-704.
Center for Religious and Crosscultural
Studies (CRCS).
(2009). Laporan Tahunan
Kehidupan Beragama Di
Indonesia Tahun 2008.
Yogyakarta: CRCS UGM
Crouch, Melissa. (2009).
Implementing the Regulation
on Places of Worship in
Indonesia: New Problems,
Local Politics and Court
Action. Asian Studies Review
(4), 403–419.
Davis, J.A. (1959). Group decision
and social interaction: a theory
of social decision schemes.
Psycholgical Review, 80, 7-25
Devito, Joseph A. (1997). Human
Communication. HarperCollins
Publisher. New York.
Ghanea, N. Are Religious Minorities
Really Minorities?. Oxford
Journal of Law and Religion
(2012), 57-79.
Gaus, Ahmad AF. (2008).
Kebebasan Beragama dan Hakhak
Minoritas. Makalah
disampaikan dalam Workshop
“Promosi Kebebasan
Beragama dan Hak-Hak
Minoritas untuk Integrasi
Sosial yang Dilaksanakan Oleh
CSRC UIN Syarif
Hidayatullah Jakarta 3-7
November 2008
Greenberg, J. Solomon, S.,
Pyszczynski, T. (1997). Terror
management theory of
selfesteem and cultural
worldviews: Empirical
Jurnal Avant Garde 5, Nomor 1, Juni 2017 32
assessments and. Advances in
experimental social psychology
(S 61): 139
Hamdi, Ahmad Zainul, 2012. Klaim
Religious Authority dalam
Konflik Sunni-Syi’i Sampang
Madura. ISLAMICA. 6 (2)
Hamidjoyo, Santoso. 2001. Konflik
Sosial dengan Tindak
Kekerasan dan Peranan
Komunikasi. Jurnal
Komunikasi Mediator 2 (1)
Hasani, Ismail dan Bonar Tigor
Naipospos [ed]. 2010. Negara
Menyangkal, Kondisi
Kebebasan
Beragama/Berkeyakinan di
Indonesia 2010, Jakarta: Setara
Institute.
Hasani, Ismail & Bonar Tigor
Naipospos. (2011). Ahmadiyah
dan Keindonesiaan Kita.
Jakarta: Pustaka Masyarakat
Setara
Human Rights Watch (HRW).
(2013). In Religion’s Name:
Abuses against Religious
Minorities in Indonesia. New
York: Human Rights Watch.
International NGO Forum on
Indonesian Development
(INFID). (2013). Laporan
Kebebasan Beragama di
Indonesia 2010-2012. Jakarta:
INFID.
International Crisis Group (ICG).
(2008). Indonesia: Implikasi
SKB (Surat Keputusan
Bersama) tentang Ahmadiyah.
Brussels: ICG.
International Crisis Group (ICG)
(2012). Indonesia: Akibat
Fatal dari Pemolisian yang
Lemah. Asia Report No. 218.
Brussels: ICG.
Johnson. Allan G. (1986). Human
Arrangements: an Introduction
to Sociology, Sandigeo:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
Publishing.
Komnas Perempuan.(2008).
Perempuan dan Anak
Ahmadiyah: Korban
Diskriminasi Berlapis. Jakarta:
Laporan Pemantauan Kondisi
HAM Perempuan Ahmadiyah
Kontras. (2011). Negara tak kunjung
terusik: Laporan hak asasi
manusia peristiwa
penyerangan Jama’ah
Ahmadiyah Cikeusik 6
Februari 2011. Jakarta:
Kontras.
Kontras. (2012). Laporan
Pemantauan Pemolisian &
Hak Berkeyakinan, Beragama
dan Beribadah. Jakarta:
Kontras.
Kontras. (2014). Pelanggaran HAM
dan Pelanggaran HAM Berat
Dalam Kasus-Kasus
Kebebasan Beragama,
Berkeyakinan dan Beribadah
di Indonesia. Jakarta:
Solidaritas Perempuan.
Lukmantoro, Triyono. (2011).
Wacana Ahmadiyah di Media
Massa (Analisis Wacana
Pemberitaan Harian Surat
Merdeka dalam Kasus
Jurnal Avant Garde 5, Nomor 1, Juni 2017 33
Penyerangan terhadap Jemaat
Ahmadiyah di Indonesia di
Cikeusik, Pandeglang, Banten).
Laporan Penelitian DIPA
FISIP Universitas Diponegoro
Mahally, Abdul Halim (2006).
Benarkah Ahmadiyah Sesat?.
Jakarta: PT Cahaya Kirana
Rajasa.
Maliki, Dewi Nurul. (2010).
Resistensi Kelompok Minoritas
Keagamaan Jemaat Ahmadiyah
Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
dan Politik, Volume 14 (1).
Hlm 47-62
McLaughlin, Eugene., John Muncie
(eds.). (2001). The Sage
Dictionary of Criminology.
New Delhi:Sage Publications
McQuail, Dennis A. (2010).
Mcquail’s Mass
Communication Theory. 6th ed.
Sinagapore: SAGE
Publications Asia-Pasific
Mulyana, Deddy. (2005). Ilmu
Komunikasi Suatu Pengantar.
Jakarta: PT Remaja
Rosdakarya
Muqoyyidin, Andik. Wahyun.
(2012). Potret Konflik
Bernuansa Agama di Indonesia
(Signifikansi Model Resolusi
Berbasis Teologi
Transformatif). Analisis,
Volume XII, Nomor 2, h. 315-
Naipospos, Bonar Tigor, et al.
(2013). Leadership without
Initiative: The Condition of
Freedom of Religion/Belief in
Indonesia 2012. Jakarta:
Pustaka Masyarakat Setara.
Naipospos, Bonar Tigor, et al.
(2007). Tunduk pada
Penghakiman Massa:
Pembenaran Negara atas
Persekusi Kebebasan
Beragama dan Berkeyakinan.
Jakarta: Setara Institute
Panggabean, Ihsan Ali-Fauzi. (2014).
Pemolisian Konflik
Keagamaan di Indonesia.
Jakarta. Pusat Studi Agama
dan Demokrasi (PUSAD)
Paramadina
Platzdasch, Bernard. (2011).
Religious Freedom in
Indonesia: The Case of
Ahmadiyah. ISEAS Working
Paper: Politics and Security
Series, No.2
Rubent, Brent D., Lea P. Stewart.
(2013). Komunikasi dan
Perilaku Manusia. Edisi 5.
Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo
Persada
Samovar, Larry A.Richard E. Porter,
Edwin R. McDaniel. (2013).
Communication Between
Culture. Salemba Humanika,
Jakarta.
Setara Institute. (2010). Atas nama
ketertiban dan keamanan:
Persekusi Ahmadiyah di
Bogor, Garut,Tasikmalaya,
dan Kuningan. Jakarta: Setara
Institute.
Sidanius, Jim, Pratto, Felicia, &
Bobo, Lawrence (1996),
Racism, Conservatism,
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36080/avg.v5i1.611
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Avant Garde
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Visit to our university official website: www.budiluhur.ac.id